Each type may also have a slightly different treatment and prognosis. In addition to the hair loss, children may experience nail defects, such as pitting or lesions.Įach type is characterized by the extent of hair loss and other symptoms you may be experiencing.Likewise, children with this type of hair loss may not have a parent who has it. While there is some hereditary component to alopecia areata, parents with the condition don’t always pass it on to a child. On examining the nails, they may be pitted white or yellow. Some patients may complain of pain and itching in the bald spot, though this might be insignificant.Īreas of hyperpigmentation (dark discoloration) in the bald spots can be seen in the individuals suffering from scarred alopecia areata. This type of hair growth may be seen at the margin of the bald patches resembling an exclamation mark. Hair loss might also occur on other parts of the face, like the eyebrows, eyelashes, and beard, as well as other parts of the body. Hair falls out leading to the formation of circular bald patches in the affected area. The major symptom of alopecia areata is patchy hair loss. These patches are often several centimeters or less. Hair usually falls out in small patches on the scalp. The main symptom of alopecia areata is hair loss. This scar destroys the hair follicles thereby causing permanent balding in that area. In this particular condition, the hair does not grow back due to a permanent scar formation over the hair follicles. When baldness occurs as a result of these underlying conditions, this type of alopecia areata is called as scarred alopecia. A similar presentation is seen in the other two skin disorders. For instance, a person having psoriasis of the scalp has scaling, itchy skin which leads to a hair loss, thereby causing bald patches in the affected area. Individuals suffering from other autoimmune skin diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and lichen planus, are prone to develop alopecia areata. It is often seen that individuals suffering from this disorder have some other autoimmune disorder unlike alopecia areata running in their families. The genes belonging to HLA (Human leukocyte antigen) are responsible for modifying the immune response and targeting the hair follicles. Many genes have been linked with alopecia areata that participate in the body’s immune response. This is a reversible condition since hair grows back once the underlying fungal infection affecting the hair follicles is treated. It is a psychological disorder where a person is compelled to pull out his/her own hair on the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and on other hairy areas of the body.Ĭonditions affecting the scalp, such as seborrheic dermatitis and tinea capitis, can also lead to patchy hair loss in the diseased area. Alopecia areata is found being triggered during puberty, menopause, and after delivery. It has been observed that a few cases of alopecia occur during various stages of life where the hormones have an active role to play. Tying the hair tightly for a long time causes the hairline to recede back leading to traction alopecia.Īlopecia is linked with certain hormonal fluctuations. Regular and long-term use of cosmetics, such as shampoos, conditions, serums that are sulphur, ether, and paraben based, damage the hair follicles, thereby provoking hair fall and, later, alopecia if not controlled within time.
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